Are all S&P 500 index funds the same?
Many different investment organizations have a S&P 500 Index Fund, and they all have the same goal: track total rate-of- return of the SP 500 Index as closely as possible. The key difference between them is their Expense Ratios, which for the long term is critically important.
Which S&P 500 index fund should you buy? Since these funds all track the same index, which S&P 500 fund you should buy comes down to other key factors, such as the expense ratio and the minimum investment. Any way you see it, these funds are cheap, even if some are cheaper than others.
Our recommendation for the best overall S&P 500 index fund is the Fidelity 500 Index Fund. With a 0.015% expense ratio, it's the cheapest on our list. And it doesn't have a minimum initial investment requirement, sales loads or trading fees. Over the last 10 years, FXAIX has returned an annualized 12.02%.
Is Investing in the S&P 500 Less Risky Than Buying a Single Stock? Generally, yes. The S&P 500 is considered well-diversified by sector, which means it includes stocks in all major areas, including technology and consumer discretionary—meaning declines in some sectors may be offset by gains in other sectors.
Indexing has several benefits including lower costs, broad-based diversification, and lower taxes. Investors, however, must consider the index fund that they select since not every one is low-cost, not some may be better at tracking an index than others.
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF holds a Zacks ETF Rank of 2 (Buy), which is based on expected asset class return, expense ratio, and momentum, among other factors. Because of this, VOO is a great option for investors seeking exposure to the Style Box - Large Cap Blend segment of the market.
Investor tip: When learning how to invest in the S&P 500, we recommend buying a fund over hand-picking individual stocks. Here's why: investing across all sectors and securities within the index diversifies your investments and your risk, which minimizes the effects of market volatility.
You only need one S&P 500 ETF
You could be tempted to buy all three ETFs, but just one will do the trick. You won't get any additional diversification benefits (meaning the mix of various assets) because all three funds track the same 500 companies.
Investing in an S&P 500 fund can instantly diversify your portfolio and is generally considered less risky. S&P 500 index funds or ETFs will track the performance of the S&P 500, which means when the S&P 500 does well, your investment will, too. (The opposite is also true, of course.)
Compare the Best Online Brokers | ||
---|---|---|
Fidelity Investments | Best Overall, Best for Low Costs, Best for ETFs | 4.8 |
TD Ameritrade | Best for Beginners and Best Mobile App | 4.5 |
Tastyworks | Best for Options | 3.9 |
Interactive Brokers | Best for Advanced Traders and Best for International Trading | 4.2 |
What ETF is better than the S&P 500?
The S&P 500's track record is impressive, but the Vanguard Growth ETF has outperformed it. The Vanguard Growth ETF leans heavily toward tech businesses that exhibit faster revenue and earnings gains. No matter what investments you choose, it's always smart to keep a long-term mindset.
ETFs and index mutual funds tend to be generally more tax efficient than actively managed funds. And, in general, ETFs tend to be more tax efficient than index mutual funds. You want niche exposure. Specific ETFs focused on particular industries or commodities can give you exposure to market niches.
According to our calculations, a $1000 investment made in February 2014 would be worth $5,971.20, or a gain of 497.12%, as of February 5, 2024, and this return excludes dividends but includes price increases. Compare this to the S&P 500's rally of 178.17% and gold's return of 55.50% over the same time frame.
In 1980, had you invested a mere $1,000 in what went on to become the top-performing stock of S&P 500, then you would be sitting on a cool $1.2 million today.
Lack of Global Diversification
The S&P 500 is all US-domiciled companies that over the last ~40 years have accounted for ~50% of all global stocks. By just owning the S&P 500 you miss out on almost half of the global opportunity set which is another ~10,000 public companies.
Yes, it can make sense to invest in multiple index funds as part of a diversified investment portfolio. Diversification is an important investment strategy that can help reduce overall risk and increase potential returns.
Disadvantages include the lack of downside protection, no choice in index composition, and it cannot beat the market (by definition).
Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index funds are similar in many ways but ETFs are considered to be more convenient to enter or exit. They can be traded more easily than index funds and traditional mutual funds, similar to how common stocks are traded on a stock exchange.
First, VOO has a clear advantage in terms of expense ratio. VOO's expense ratio is 0.03% compared to 0.20% of QQQ, which is more than three times cheaper. Next is diversification. While both ETFs are well diversified, VOO is less concentrated in both industry and top 10 holdings.
Almahasneh: The main reason comes down to—and I cover a lot of passive index funds—a lot of the differences in ratings, they come down to the difference in fees. VOO charges 3 basis points, while SPY charges 9 basis points. Both are very low cost compared to the average ETF in the US market.
Is S&P 500 better than VOO?
The S&P 500 simply reflects the market composition. In the long run, the funds' broad diversification, low turnover, and low fees outweigh these risks.” While the two ETFs follow the same strategy, they earn different ratings. VOO earns a top rating of Gold, while SPY earns the next best rating of Silver.
If the S&P 500 outperforms its historical average and generates, say, a 12% annual return, you would reach $1 million in 26 years by investing $500 a month.
The best way to invest in the S&P 500 is to buy exchange-traded funds (ETFs) or index funds that track the index. There are differences between these two approaches that we'll examine below, but in either case, these funds offer extremely low costs and superior diversification.
Assuming an average annual return rate of about 10% (a typical historical average), a $10,000 investment in the S&P 500 could potentially grow to approximately $25,937 over 10 years.
The main drawback to the S&P 500 is that the index gives higher weights to companies with more market capitalization. The stock prices for Apple and Microsoft have a much greater influence on the index than a company with a lower market cap.
References
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/031716/vfinx-vs-spy-mutual-fund-vs-etf-case-study.asp
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/022216/put-10000-sp-500-etf-and-wait-20-years.asp
- https://tradethatswing.com/average-historical-stock-market-returns-for-sp-500-5-year-up-to-150-year-averages/
- https://fundselectorasia.com/10-funds-that-beat-the-sp-500-by-over-20-in-2023/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/103114/5-things-you-need-know-about-index-funds.asp
- https://www.quora.com/Is-it-a-good-idea-to-invest-all-our-savings-into-one-stock-market-index-fund
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/exchangetradedfunds/11/building-an-etf-portfolio.asp
- https://www.financialsymmetry.com/5-reasons-to-consider-not-only-investing-in-the-sp-500-ep-209/
- https://www.usatoday.com/money/blueprint/investing/best-sp-500-index-funds/
- https://money.usnews.com/funds/mutual-funds/large-blend/fidelity-500-index-fund/fxaix
- https://www.cnbc.com/2024/03/08/warren-buffett-berkshire-hathaway-owns-2-etfs.html
- https://fundresearch.fidelity.com/mutual-funds/summary/315911750
- https://www.fpmarkets.com/ca/education/trading-tips/how-many-etfs-should-i-own-as-a-beginner-in-2023/
- https://www.morningstar.com/etfs/spy-vs-voo-which-warren-buffetts-etfs-is-better
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/how-can-i-buy-sp-500-fund/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/071616/history-sp-500-dividend-yield.asp
- https://talkmarkets.com/content/how-much-money-do-i-need-to-invest-to-make-3000-a-month?post=431352
- https://www.fidelity.com/why-fidelity/security-protection
- https://www.cnbc.com/2024/01/22/as-sp-500-enters-bull-market-heres-what-to-know-before-you-invest.html
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/vanguard-p-500-etf-voo-112006029.html
- https://finimize.com/content/forget-straight-sp-500-here-are-four-ways-invest-next-decade
- https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/personal-finance/which-is-the-best-asset-allocation-12011221.html
- https://www.dividendmax.com/united-states/nyse-arca/financial-services/vanguard-sandp-500-etf/dividends
- https://stockinvest.us/dividends/FXAIX
- https://www.etf.com/topics/aggressive
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/index-funds-vs-mutual-funds
- https://www.stash.com/learn/how-to-invest-in-sp500-2/
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/genius-ways-1-000-month-105500970.html
- https://smartasset.com/financial-advisor/vanguard-vs-fidelity
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/exchangetradedfunds/08/etf-mutual-fund-difference.asp
- https://passiv.com/blog/etf-overlap/
- https://www.ssga.com/us/en/intermediary/etfs/resources/education/efts-vs-stocks-a-guide-to-similarities-and-differences
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/sp-500-index-fund
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/retirement/how-many-funds-do-you-need-in-your-retirement-account/
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/fidelity-500-index-fund-fxaix-110005658.html
- https://www.morningstar.com/etfs/spy-vs-voo-which-warren-buffetts-two-etfs-is-better-bet
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/how-to-invest-in-sp500
- https://www.process.st/how-to/invest-in-sp-500-fidelity/
- https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/is-the-sp-500-all-you-need-to-retire-a-millionaire-12
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/low-risk-investments/
- https://www.fool.com/investing/how-to-invest/index-funds/dividends/
- https://www.fool.com/investing/2024/03/24/you-can-do-better-than-sp-500-buy-this-etf/
- https://www.fool.com/investing/2024/03/17/before-you-buy-the-vanguards-sp-500-etf-here-are-3/
- https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/buying-stocks/articles/heres-what-happens-when-you-only-invest-in-sp-500-etfs/
- https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/career-map/sell-side/capital-markets/index-investing/
- https://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/how-can-i-earn-100-200-or-500-per-month-in-guaranteed-income-in-retirement
- https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/investment-products/etf/risks-with-etfs
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/stocks-vs-etfs/
- https://fundresearch.fidelity.com/mutual-funds/view-all/315911750
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/033015/whats-difference-between-index-fund-and-etf.asp
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/index-funds-vs-mutual-funds
- https://www.justetf.com/en/academy/is-it-possible-to-invest-in-omly-one-etf.html
- https://lakshmishree.com/blog/15-best-etfs-in-india-to-invest-in-2024/
- https://www.digrin.com/stocks/detail/FXAIX/
- https://ycharts.com/indicators/sp_500_5_year_return
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-performing-fidelity-funds-for-retirement
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/exchangetradedfunds/08/etf-taxes-introduction.asp
- https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0113/7-easy-to-understand-etfs-to-replace-a-savings-account.aspx
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/invested-1000-p-global-decade-133005715.html
- https://www.blackrock.com/us/individual/literature/fact-sheet/sma-target-allocation-70-30-etf-factsheet.pdf
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/sp-500-etfs
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/best-sp-500-index-funds/
- https://portfolioslab.com/tools/stock-comparison/FXAIX/SPY
- https://www.pillsburylaw.com/images/content/3/2/v2/3201/C-S-Advisory-07-22-2010-II.pdf
- https://www.usatoday.com/money/blueprint/investing/best-401k-investments/
- https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/got-%24500-a-month-to-invest-heres-how-the-sp-500-could-make-you-a-millionaire
- https://www.etfcentral.com/etf-u/guides/how-many-etfs-should-i-own
- https://fundresearch.fidelity.com/mutual-funds/summary/00142J818
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-fidelity-mutual-funds-to-buy-and-hold
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/011316/pros-and-cons-indexes.asp
- https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-the-Vanguard-S-P-500-Index-Fund-and-the-SPDR-S-P500-exchange-traded-fund-ETF
- https://www.cnbc.com/select/what-is-sp-500-how-to-invest/
- https://fundresearch.fidelity.com/mutual-funds/analysis/315911750
- https://ccl.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/BEBCHUK-HIRST-1%20(The%20Specter%20of%20the%20Giant%20Three)%20(Boston%20University%20Law%20Review)(Introduction).pdf
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/best-index-funds/
- https://time.com/personal-finance/article/how-to-invest-in-index-funds/
- https://www.quora.com/Is-it-a-good-idea-to-invest-all-of-your-savings-into-an-S-P-500-Index-Fund-at-this-time-considering-the-current-record-highs
- https://www.physicianonfire.com/voo-vs-qqq-which-index-etf/
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/etf-vs-index-fund/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/122215/spy-spdr-sp-500-trust-etf.asp
- https://www.trackinsight.com/en/education/how-many-etfs-should-you-own
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/mutualfund/05/etfindexfund.asp
- https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2013/09/21/the-best-performing-stock-on-the-sp-500-since-1980.aspx
- https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/etf-vs-mutual-fund-it-depends-on-your-strategy
- https://moneywise.com/investing/reviews/voo-vs-spy
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/how-to-invest-in-sp-500/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/111215/vanguard-total-stock-index-vs-vanguard-500-index-fund.asp
- https://investmentinsight0.quora.com/Does-it-make-sense-to-invest-in-multiple-index-funds
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/best-s-p-500-index-funds/
- https://www.lgim.com/en-uk/adviser-wealth/insights/investment-foresight/Is-it-time-to-retire-the-4-percent-rule/
- https://www.tipranks.com/mutual-funds/fxaix/forecast
- https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/fund/fxaix
- https://www.retirebeforedad.com/fxaix-vs-voo/
- https://investor.vanguard.com/investor-resources-education/etfs/etf-vs-mutual-fund
- https://www.titan.com/articles/etf-drawbacks
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/best-total-stock-market-index-funds/
- https://www.morningstar.ca/ca/news/185437/sp-500-or-total-stock-market-index-for-us-exposure.aspx
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/more-money-investing-10-000-220010726.html
- https://www.quora.com/Is-there-any-benefit-in-investing-in-multiple-S-P-500-ETFs-vs-putting-it-all-in-a-single-S-P-500-ETF